API Spec 12J:2008 pdf download

API Spec 12J:2008 pdf download.Specification for Oil and Gas Separators.
Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and the manufacturer, the junsdiction of thés spec itication terminates with the pressure vessel as defined in the Scope of Section VIII, Division I of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, hereinafter referred to as the ASME Code. Pressure vessels covered by this specification are normally classified as natural resource vessels by API 510, Pressure Vessel Inspection Code. Separators outside the scope of this specification include centrifugal separators, filter separators, and dc-sanding separators.
1.2 Compliance
Any manufacturer producing ejipmen1 or materiale represented as conforming with wi API specification is responsible for complying with al the provisions of that specification. API does not represent, warrant or guarantee that such products do in fact conform to the applicable API standard or specification,
2 Definitions
The separation of gas and liquids primarily relies an physical differences in the phases. Thle section covers mechanical separation of liquids and gases. A separator vessel may be referred to as a knockout, trap, scrubber, flash chamber, or expansion vessel as well as the original term. This terminology is eppiied regardless of shape. Generally, the following definitions are regarded as basic.
corrosion
The destruction of a metal by chemical or electrochemical reaction with its enwonment (see Annex B).
2.2
free water knockout
A type of separator vessel used to separate tree water from a flow stream of gas. oil, and water
NOTE The gas and oil usually leave the vessel through the same outlet to be processed by other eiipment The wafer is removed for sposal,
2.3
maxImum allowable working pressure
MAWP
The maximum pressure, permeable by the ASME Code, at the top of the separator in its normal operating position for a designated temperature.
2.4
operatIng pressure
The pressure In the vessel dunng normal operabon. not to exceed the MAWP. and usualy kept at a suitable level below the setting of the presse relieving devices to prevent frequent opening (see Annex A),
2.5
scrubber
A type of separator which has been designed to handle flow streams with unusually high gas to-liquid ratios. commonly used wi conjunction with dehydrators. extraction plants. instruments, or compressors for protection from entrained liquids.
2.6
separator
A vessel used ii the held to remove welistream liquid(s) from gas components that may be either two-phase which
remove the total liquid from the gas or three-phase which also remove free water from the hydrocarbon kquld,
2.7
total liquid knockout
A type of separator vessel used to remove the corts,ned liquids from a gas stream.
3 Material
3.1 ASME Code
Separators furnished to this specification shall conform to the material requirements stipulated in the latest edition of the ASME Code.
3.2 Selection
Material selection for corrosive fluids should be selected based on a review of related API or NACE publications for materials that conform 103.1. Consideration should be given to matenal selection as it relates to weight loss, sulpiiide stress cracking. chloride stress cracking, or other torms of corrosion. It is the responsibility of the user to determine what consideration for corrosion should be made to the vessel during its intended Me (reference ASME Code, as applicable to corrosion). Corrosion guldenes are given In Annex B.
3.3 Corrosion Consideration
Corrosion cor&deration for separators furnished to this specification shall be for the pressure containing parts of the vessel only, and as can be identified as tallmg withii the requirements of the applicable sections of the ASME Code. Corrosion considerations for vessel internals (non-pressure parts) is by mutual agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer and not a part of this specification.
4 Design
4.1 Type, Size, Pressure and Temperature Ratings
Separators furnished to this specification may be vertical. honzontal, or spherical, and are available In sizes and
MAWP ratings shown In Table 1, Table 2. and Table 3. The following tables are for nominal industry standards.
Available sizes and working pressures may vary from the stated ratings. Other sizes, pressure, and temperature
ratings may be furnished by agreement between purchaser and manufacti.ser.
4.2 Process Design and Sizing
Typical process design and sizing calculations are given In Annex C.
4.3 Design Checklist
A suggested checklist of separator design information is included in Annex E.